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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク BF model ： ウィキペディア英語版 BF model The BF model is a topological field, which when quantized, becomes a topological quantum field theory. BF stands for background field. B and F, as can be seen below, are also the variables appearing in the Lagrangian of the theory, which is helpful as a mnemonic device. We have a 4-dimensional differentiable manifold M, a gauge group G, which has as "dynamical" fields a two-form B taking values in the adjoint representation of G, and a connection form A for G. The action is given by :$S=\backslash int\_M\; K(\backslash mathbf)$ where K is an invariant nondegenerate bilinear form over $\backslash mathfrak$ (if G is semisimple, the Killing form will do) and F is the curvature form :$\backslash mathbf\backslash equiv\; d\backslash mathbf+\backslash mathbf\backslash wedge\; \backslash mathbf$ This action is diffeomorphically invariant and gauge invariant. Its Euler–Lagrange equations are :$\backslash mathbf=0$ (no curvature) and :$d\_\backslash mathbfB=0$ (the covariant exterior derivative of B is zero). In fact, it is always possible to gauge away any local degrees of freedom, which is why it is called a topological field theory. However, if M is topologically nontrivial, A and B can have nontrivial solutions globally. == See also == * Spin foam * Background field method 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「BF model」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.